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Presentation on the theme of friendship and enmity. Presentation for preparation for an essay on literature in the direction of "friendship and enmity"

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Enemy and friend Condemned to eternal imprisonment, the prisoner escaped from prison and started running headlong ... The chase rushed at his heels. He ran with all his might... The pursuers began to fall behind. But here in front of him is a river with steep banks, a narrow - but deep river ... But he cannot swim! A thin, rotten board is thrown from one bank to the other. The fugitive had already put his foot on it ... But it so happened that right there near the river were standing: his best friend and his most cruel enemy. The enemy said nothing and only crossed his arms; but the friend shouted at the top of his voice: “Have mercy! What are you doing? Remember, fool! Can't you see that the board is completely rotten? She will break under your weight - and you will inevitably perish! - But there is no other crossing ... but do you hear the chase? - the unfortunate moaned desperately and stepped on the board. “I won’t let you!… No, I won’t let you die!” - the zealous friend shouted and grabbed a plank from under the feet of the fugitive. He instantly thumped into stormy waves - and drowned. The enemy laughed smugly - and walked away; and a friend sat down on the bank - and began to cry bitterly about his poor ... poor friend! However, he did not think to blame himself for his death ... not for a moment. - Didn't listen to me! Didn't listen! he whispered dejectedly. - But anyway! he finally said. - After all, he had to languish in a terrible prison all his life! At least he doesn't suffer now! Now it's easier for him! Know that such a fate fell to him! “Still, it’s a pity, according to humanity!” And the kind soul continued to weep inconsolably for her unfortunate friend.

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Choice of topic and epigraph Epigraph (from the Greek επιγραφή - “inscription”) is a quote placed at the head of an essay or part of it in order to indicate its spirit, its meaning, the attitude of the author towards it, and the like.

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Possible formulations of the topics Can friendship turn into enmity? What is true friendship. “There are no ties holier than partnership” (N.V. Gogol). Friend is known in trouble. Is it true that life is nothing without true friendship? When can hostility turn into friendship? There is nothing better and more pleasant in the world than friendship: to exclude friendship from life is the same as to deprive the world of sunlight (Cicero). Even the enemy can be conquered by noble conduct. Don't be afraid of enemies attacking you. Beware of friends flattering you! Why does hostility arise between relatives? You can't shake hands with clenched fists. If yesterday's friend became an enemy: it means that he was never a friend ... True friendship is based on common views, and not on common enemies.

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Aphorisms Having learned a secret from a friend, do not betray it by becoming an enemy: you will strike not an enemy, but friendship. Democritus A cowardly friend is more terrible than an enemy, for you fear the enemy, but you hope for a friend. (L. N. Tolstoy) Of two friends, one is always the slave of the other (M. Yu. Lermontov, the novel "The Hero of Our Time") Enmity with relatives is much more painful than with strangers (Democritus, ancient Greek philosopher)

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What is alive, who did not know the friendship of the saint? It is like an empty pearl. Alisher Navoi, Uzbek poet The enemy is not the one who offends, but the one who does it intentionally (Democritus) Friendship Enmity Without friendship, no communication between people has value. Socrates, an ancient Greek philosopher Love and reason are at enmity in anyone (Jane Austen, English writer ) Friends are known in trouble (proverb) Enmity with relatives is much more painful than with strangers. (Democritus, ancient Greek speaker) A friend is like a second “I”. Cicero Mark Tullius, an ancient Roman philosopher Life is too short to spend it on enmity. writer Tell me who your friend is, and I'll tell you who you are (Cervantes, Spanish writer) A treacherous friend is the most dangerous enemy. (Henry Fielding, English writer) Whoever does not look for friends is his own enemy. Shota Rustaveli, Georgian poet If you don't want make enemies for yourself, then try not to show your superiority over people (Arthur Schopenhauer, German philosopher)

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"Friendship and Enmity" Direction aims at reasoning about the value of human friendship, about ways to achieve mutual understanding between individuals, their communities and even entire nations, as well as about the origins and consequences of enmity between them. The content of many literary works is associated with the warmth of human relations or the hostility of people, with the development of friendship into enmity or vice versa, with the image of a person who is able or not able to appreciate friendship, who knows how to overcome conflicts or sows enmity.

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Introduction, based on the comments of FIPI Friendship and enmity ... What is it? These are constant companions of both an individual person and society as a whole. So, in the life of each of us there are people whom we can confidently call friends. These are those whom we fully trust, relations with which are based on sincerity, mutual sympathy, common interests and hobbies. But life is multifaceted and polar, so it puts before us a number of tests, and these include the concepts of enmity, hostility, hatred, dislike. In my essay, I want to reflect on the topic (by saying the full name, to answer the question that is relevant at all times) ....

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I think that... It seems to me that.... My reading experience will help prove my point. After all, in many works we find a description of both the warmth of human relations and the hostility of people. Artists of the word also draw examples for us when friendship develops into hostility or vice versa, they show heroes who are able or not able to value friendship, who are able to overcome conflicts or sow hostility. My opinion on this topic (FIPI)

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I think that each person understands the meaning of the word “friendship” in life in their own way: for some it is respect, for others it is an opportunity to spend their free time in an exciting and unforgettable way. It seems to me that in friendship, first of all, it is important to feel the support of a loved one and the firm belief that he will come to the rescue in difficult times. My reading experience will help prove my point. My opinion on this topic (first option)

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I think that each person understands the meaning of the word “friendship” in life in their own way: for some it is an understanding, for others it is an opportunity to spend their free time in an exciting and unforgettable way. It seems to me that in friendship, first of all, it is important to feel the support of a loved one and the firm belief that he will come to the rescue in difficult times. My reading experience will help prove my point. After all, in many works we find a description of both the warmth of human relations and the hostility of people. Artists of the word also draw examples for us when friendship develops into hostility or vice versa, they show heroes who are able or not able to value friendship, who are able to overcome conflicts or sow hostility. My opinion on this topic (2)

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Argumentation Poem in prose "Enemy and Friend" Analyze the title of the work. Briefly review the content. Consider the image of the enemy. Consider the image of a friend. Draw a conclusion I. S. Turgenev

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Let us pay attention to the prose poem "Enemy and Friend" by the great Russian writer Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev. What did the author want to convey to us by pointing out two opposite concepts in the title? Who is more honest: friend or foe?

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So the prisoner escaped from prison. In front of him is a river with steep, precipitous banks. A rotten board is thrown from one bank to another. The prisoner has to instantly solve the problem: step on this board or wait for the chase. He is watched from the shore by his best friend and worst enemy. The enemy is indifferent, and the friend is trying to save the fugitive. The fugitive was ready to step onto the board, but his friend got ahead of him: he snatched it from under his feet, as a result of which the hero dies in the abyss of water. The enemy laughed, but the friend remained and began to weep bitterly.

The final essay on the thematic direction "Friendship and enmity"

Friendship and enmity.

Basic essay

This essay is basic in this direction, since the specific topics of the FINAL essay will be known in all regions only 15 minutes before the start of work. One specific topic will be given for each direction. There will be 5 topics in total. Preparing for this work, the graduate must train and write 3-4 essays in each thematic area. And then everything will work out!

1. Introduction to the essay

Friendship and enmity ... What is it? These are constant companions of a person in life. Each of us, adult or child, needs a friend. True friendship is a rare and precious reward. Friendship is a disinterested personal relationship between people based on complete trust, sincerity, mutual sympathy, common interests and hobbies. FRIENDSHIP - HOSTILITY

Main part. We reveal the topic of the essay

In world fiction, including Russian, one can find many examples that reveal the theme of "Friendship-enmity". So, in the novel by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin "Dubrovsky" we see two old friends - Kirila Petrovich Troekurov and Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky. Once they were comrades in the service. Dubrovsky was distinguished by pride and decisiveness of character. For this he was respected by Troekurov. Andrei Gavrilovich was an interesting conversationalist, and in his absence Troekurov was bored.

The main part. We reveal the topic.

The author explained their friendship by the fact that both of them were the same age, received the same upbringing, were widowed early and raised one child each. All the neighbors envied their consent. But in their relationship there came a time of contention, enmity, when Paramoshka, Troekurov's servant, insulted Dubrovsky during an inspection of the kennel, "an accident upset everything and changed everything." Leaving Pokrovskoe, Andrey Gavrilovich demanded a servant for his trial. But the wayward Troekurov decided to humiliate his friend. Why did the friendship of the landowners turn out to be fragile?

Dubrovsky and Troekurov

Troyekurov began to pour out insults. Satisfied with a thirst for revenge, Troekurov realizes what he has done. He goes to Dubrovsky, whom he has driven to madness. Reading a novel, we realize that real friends don't do that. Dubrovsky's death makes us think about the most important questions. What is the value of human friendship? Know the measure should be in friendship and enmity. Reading Pushkin's novel, we are once again convinced that enmity does not do good.

Main part. Disclosure of the topic

In the novel by Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" we also see an example of friendship-enmity in the relationship between Pechorin and Grushnitsky. They are peers, colleagues. Pechorin declares: "In friendship, one is the slave of another." In their hearts, the characters do not have a warm relationship with each other. Pechorin is ruthless in relation to Grushnitsky, does not know how to forgive weaknesses. Grigory Alexandrovich is a confident, reasonable, selfish, sarcastic person. He sees through Grushnitsky and laughs at him. “I understood him, and he doesn’t love me for it, although outwardly we are on the most friendly terms.” And Grushnitsky is a completely different person: enthusiastic, verbose, soft-bodied, does not have bright character traits. Envious, spiteful, conceited. "He speaks quickly and pretentiously." Grushnitsky is a cadet, he is twenty-one years old. What can we think about when reading the pages of Lermontov's work, showing the relationship of these two characters? How can we call these relationships? This is a very interesting question! They meet like old friends. The author shows their confrontation in the chapter "Princess Mary".

Friendship-enmity

Main part. Topic disclosure.

When did the relationship between the characters crack? When Princess Mary becomes interested in Pechorin, the gap in the relationship of friends becomes wider, the situation is very tense, hostile relations grow ... The duel is the denouement of relations. Pechorin kills a former friend and leaves. The death of a former friend does not cause any feelings and emotions in him. Did Pechorin understand friendship correctly? In my opinion, of course, it is wrong. What was stopping him? There can be no slave relations in friendship! Friendship exists only on trust and mutual understanding. The main thing in friendship is support, sincerity, the desire to help, and not a slavish relationship. What hindered him above all was his peculiar attitude towards people. Reading Lermontov's novel, we come to the conclusion that a person himself must be ready to be a friend, that friendship must be valued, that only warm human relations can strengthen friendship, and not turn it into enmity. But Pechorin does not have this, and therefore he did not have real and devoted friends.

Conclusion. Conclusion

What conclusion can be drawn? What led me to reasoning on this topic? Friendship is definitely a precious gift in life. And a person who knows how to value friendship, knows how to overcome conflicts, does not want to sow enmity, is worthy of this gift. Know the measure should be in everything and everywhere. In friendship, the main thing is the law of humanity. Friendship builds, but enmity only destroys. Friendship is sacred. And I really want to believe that among the people living in our time, the cult of holy friendship will flourish.

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Final essay on the thematic direction "Friendship and enmity" The work of the teacher of Russian language and literature Ekaterina Kirillovna Repina (Moscow)

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Friendship and enmity. Basic essay
This essay is basic in this direction, since the specific topics of the FINAL essay will be known in all regions only 15 minutes before the start of work. One specific topic will be given for each direction. There will be 5 topics in total. Preparing for this work, the graduate must train and write 3-4 essays in each thematic area. And then everything will work out!

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1. Introduction to the essay
Friendship and enmity ... What is it? These are constant companions of a person in life. Each of us, adult or child, needs a friend. True friendship is a rare and precious reward. Friendship is a disinterested personal relationship between people based on complete trust, sincerity, mutual sympathy, common interests and hobbies. FRIENDSHIP - HOSTILITY

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Main part. We reveal the topic of the essay
In world fiction, including Russian, one can find many examples that reveal the theme of "Friendship-enmity". So, in the novel by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin "Dubrovsky" we see two old friends - Kirila Petrovich Troekurov and Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky. Once they were comrades in the service. Dubrovsky was distinguished by pride and decisiveness of character. For this he was respected by Troekurov. Andrei Gavrilovich was an interesting conversationalist, and in his absence Troekurov was bored.

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The main part. We reveal the topic.
The author explained their friendship by the fact that both of them were the same age, received the same upbringing, were widowed early and raised one child each. All the neighbors envied their consent. But in their relationship there came a time of contention, enmity, when Paramoshka, Troekurov's servant, insulted Dubrovsky during an inspection of the kennel, "an accident upset everything and changed everything." Leaving Pokrovskoe, Andrey Gavrilovich demanded a servant for his trial. But the wayward Troekurov decided to humiliate his friend. Why did the friendship of the landowners turn out to be fragile?

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Dubrovsky and Troekurov

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Main part. Disclosure of the topic
In the novel by Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" we also see an example of friendship-enmity in the relationship between Pechorin and Grushnitsky. They are peers, colleagues. Pechorin declares: "In friendship, one is the slave of another." In their hearts, the characters do not have a warm relationship with each other. Pechorin is ruthless in relation to Grushnitsky, does not know how to forgive weaknesses. Grigory Alexandrovich is a confident, reasonable, selfish, sarcastic person. He sees through Grushnitsky and laughs at him. “I understood him, and he doesn’t love me for it, although outwardly we are on the most friendly terms.” And Grushnitsky is a completely different person: enthusiastic, verbose, soft-bodied, does not have bright character traits. Envious, spiteful, conceited. "He speaks quickly and pretentiously." Grushnitsky is a cadet, he is twenty-one years old. What can we think about when reading the pages of Lermontov's work, showing the relationship of these two characters? How can we call these relationships? This is a very interesting question! They meet like old friends. The author shows their confrontation in the chapter "Princess Mary".

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Friendship-enmity

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Main part. Topic disclosure.
When did the relationship between the characters crack? When Princess Mary becomes interested in Pechorin, the gap in the relationship of friends becomes wider, the situation is very tense, hostile relations grow ... The duel is the denouement of relations. Pechorin kills a former friend and leaves. The death of a former friend does not cause any feelings and emotions in him. Did Pechorin understand friendship correctly? In my opinion, of course, it is wrong. What was stopping him? There can be no slave relations in friendship! Friendship exists only on trust and mutual understanding. The main thing in friendship is support, sincerity, the desire to help, and not a slavish relationship. What hindered him above all was his peculiar attitude towards people. Reading Lermontov's novel, we come to the conclusion that a person himself must be ready to be a friend, that friendship must be valued, that only warm human relations can strengthen friendship, and not turn it into enmity. But Pechorin does not have this, and therefore he did not have real and devoted friends.

Friendship and enmity: preparing for the final essay by E.V. Azarova, Omsk State Educational Institution "Gymnasium No. 115"

Let's comprehend the key concepts: Friendship is a stable, trusting, close relationship based on common interests, ideals and goals, on sympathy, active mutual assistance and patience. Friendship is a close relationship based on mutual trust, affection, common interests. Enmity - attitudes and actions imbued with hostility, hatred. Enmity - unfriendly, hostile, hateful attitudes and actions. (Sources: Dal V.I. Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. Modern version. - M .: Eksmo, 2008; Ozhegov S.I., Shvedova N.Yu. Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. - M .: Azbukovnik, 2000: Efremova T F. New dictionary of the Russian language. Explanatory and word-forming. - M .: Russian language, 2000)

Wise thoughts about friendship and friends: Friendship is not a service, they don’t thank for it (G.R. Derzhavin) People with an ardent character are rarely in constant friendship (Luc de Clapier Vovenark) Like-mindedness creates friendship (Democritus) Sincerity of relationships, truth in communication - here is friendship (Alexander Suvorov) Without friendship, no communication between people has value (Socrates) Without true friendship, life is nothing (Mark Thulius Cicero) No worldly blessings will be pleasant to us if we use them alone, not sharing them with friends (Erasmus Rotterdam) Nothing can inspire and help people like friendship (Ba Jin)

Wise Thoughts on Friendship and Friends: The meaning of true friendship is that it doubles joy and bisects suffering (Joseph Addison) a sharp word than from a friend (Quintilian) Trust is the first condition of friendship (Jean de La Bruyère) A friend is first of all one who does not undertake to judge (Antoine de Saint-Exupery) A true friend is known in misfortune (Aesop)

Wise thoughts about friendship and friends: A friend is a person with whom I can be sincere. I can think out loud in his presence (Ralph Waldo Emerson) A friend is a person who knows everything about you and yet loves you (John Auler) Friendship is a calm and quiet affection, guided and strengthened by habit arising from long association and mutual obligations (David Hume) To die for a friend under some exceptional circumstances is less sublime than daily and secretly sacrifice yourself for him (Stendhal) Choose a friend for yourself, you cannot be happy alone: happiness is a matter of two (Pythagoras of Samos)

Wise thoughts about friendship and friends: There are no ties holier than fellowship! A father loves his child, a mother loves her child, a child loves his father and mother. But this is not the case, brothers: even the beast loves its child. But only one person can be related by kinship by soul, and not by blood (N.V. Gogol) Friends exist to help each other (R. Rolland) True friendship is truthful and courageous (F. Schiller) A friend is one who, whenever you need him, guesses about it (J. Renard)

Wise thoughts about false friendship: Associations of bad people are not a partnership, but a conspiracy: they do not love each other, but rather fear each other, they are not friends, but accomplices (Etienne de la Boesy) I do not need a friend who changes with me and repeats my every nod! This, after all, makes my shadow much better (Plutarch) A treacherous friend is the most dangerous enemy (G. Fielding) Do not rely on a quick-tempered friend, even if he is a kind person by nature (Abul Faraj) Flatterers are like friends, like wolves are like dogs (D. Chapman)

Wise thoughts about enmity and enemies: - And where did you manage to make so many enemies for yourself? - You don't have to be a genius to do it. Do your job, tell the truth, do not flatter - and this is quite enough for any mongrel to grab you from under every fence (Valentin Pikul) If peace is not established between the great, so-called civilizations, nations, then it can be assumed without exaggeration that all the same fate will befall and each country participating in the war will sink into eternity ... (J. Galsworthy) Enmity with relatives is much more painful than with strangers (Democritus) The enemy is not the one who offends, but the one who does it intentionally ( Democritus) War turns people born to be brothers into wild beasts (Voltaire)

Wise thoughts about friendship and enmity: He who does not look for friends is his own enemy (Shota Rustaveli) There is no bleaker desert than life without friends, friendship multiplies blessings and alleviates troubles, a joy to the soul, it is the only cure for a hostile fate (Baltasar Gracian- i-Morales) True friendship is not cloudless (Marie de Sevigne) Friendship ends where mistrust begins (Seneca Lucius Annei the Younger) Selfishness is a poison for friendship (O. de Balzac) Loneliness is better than a bad friend (Cabus) It is more profitable to have another among enemies than among friends (F.M. Dostoevsky)

Wise thoughts about friendship and enmity: And with a friend and with an enemy you must be good! Who by nature is kind, you will not find malice in him. Hurt a friend - you make an enemy, Embrace an enemy - you will find a friend. (Omar Khayyam) Misunderstanding makes enemies out of friends (Feuchtwanger L.) A cowardly friend is worse than an enemy, because you fear the enemy, but hope for a friend (L.N. Tolstoy) Do not make acquaintances with those who prefer new friends to old ones. Know: as they cheated on us, their tested comrades, so they will cheat on new ones (Aesop) A friend to everyone is no one's friend (Aristotle) Whoever has friends who hate each other deserves their common hatred (V.O. Klyuchevsky)

From enmity to friendship: Forgiving enemies is a wonderful feat; but there is a feat even more beautiful, even more human - this is understanding enemies, because understanding is forgiveness, justification, reconciliation at once (A. Herzen) I defeat my enemies by turning them into friends (A. Lincoln) The best way to get rid of enemy - make him a friend (Henry the Fourth) We may not be so holy as to love our enemies, but for the sake of our own health and happiness, let's at least forgive them and forget about their existence (Dale Carnegie)

Types of friendship in literature True friends (Oblomov-Stolz): 1) Male friendship (Bolkonsky-Bezukhov) 2) Female friendship (Natasha-Sonya) 3) Friendship in the family (Rostovs, especially Natasha-Nikolai; Turbins) 4) Friendship, support , understanding of the spouses (the Shein family, the Almazov family) 5) Front-line friendship (anti-aircraft gunner girls and Vaskov) Joint overcoming of difficulties - friendship in misfortune, mutual assistance, at the same time verification (Vasya-Valek with Marusya, Ivan-Julia, Zhilin-Kostylin) Friendship ( Onegin-Lensky) Colleagues (Romashov-Nikolaev, Pechorin-Maximimovich, Pechorin-Grushnitsky, Grinev-Shvabrin) or colleagues (Preobrazhensky-Bormental) Friendship by interests (Misha, Slava, Genka - Korovin with homeless children) Friendship-apprenticeship (Bazarov- Arkady) False friendship (Sotnikov-Rybak)

What to reread? What to pay attention to? A.S. Pushkin. Dubrovsky (A.G. Dubrovsky and K.P. Troekurov - how could true friends quarrel like that?) A.S. Pushkin. The captain's daughter (Grinev and Shvabrin are antipodean colleagues. Pyotr Grinev and uncle (teacher-servant) Savelich - can they be considered friends? Grinev - Pugachev: what connects the heroes?) A.S. Pushkin. Eugene Onegin (Onegin - Lensky: friends-neighbors. Why did the duel take place?) M.Yu. Lermontov. Hero of our time (Pechorin - Grushnitsky, Pechorin - Werner, Pechorin - Maxim Maksimovich: what connects the heroes, if there is something in common in their interaction, how to distinguish friendship from friendship?) N.V. Gogol. The story of how Ivan Ivanovich and Ivan Nikiforovich quarreled (How could such close people quarrel for years? Can something reconcile them? Were they real friends?) N.V. Gogol. Taras Bulba (Andriy did not betray his father, he betrayed all the Cossacks, his homeland, faith. This is a shame for Bulba, so he kills his son. For the sake of comrades and future victory, you can not be afraid of death, so Taras Bulba, when he is burned at the stake, does not think about himself and about the pain, but shouts to the Cossacks where to retreat and rejoices that they found the boats, urging them to return next year)

Essay example: Friendship and enmity ... What is it? These are constant companions of a person in life. Each of us, adult or child, needs a friend. True friendship is a rare and precious reward. Friendship is a disinterested personal relationship between people based on complete trust, sincerity, mutual sympathy, common interests and hobbies. Such relationships should be treasured, because they are so easy to lose. Why do we lose friends and friendship suddenly turns into enmity? There are various reasons for this: misunderstanding, selfishness, cowardice (for example, in battle), envy, even love (friends can fall in love with one girl). In world fiction, including Russian, one can find many examples that reveal the theme of "Friendship-enmity". So, in the novel by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin "Dubrovsky" we see two old friends - Kirila Petrovich Troekurov and Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky. Once they were comrades in the service. Dubrovsky was distinguished by pride and decisiveness of character. For this he was respected by Troekurov. Andrei Gavrilovich was an interesting conversationalist, and in his absence Troekurov was bored. The author explained their friendship by the fact that both of them were the same age, received the same upbringing, were widowed early and raised one child each. All the neighbors envied their consent. But in their relationship there came a time of contention, enmity, when Paramoshka, Troekurov's servant, insulted Dubrovsky during an inspection of the kennel, "an accident upset everything and changed everything." Leaving Pokrovskoe, Andrey Gavrilovich demanded a servant for his trial. But the wayward Troekurov decided to humiliate his friend. Why did the friendship of the landowners turn out to be fragile? Troyekurov began to pour out insults. Satisfied with a thirst for revenge, Troekurov realizes what he has done. He goes to Dubrovsky, whom he has driven to madness. Reading a novel, we realize that real friends don't do that. Dubrovsky's death makes us think about the most important questions. You should know the measure both in friendship and in enmity. Reading Pushkin's novel, we are once again convinced that enmity does not do good. What is the value of human friendship? It is that a person alone cannot feel fully and harmoniously. We always need those who will be there, who will be able to support us in difficult times, who will be able to understand, sometimes they will be able to open their eyes to our shortcomings or wrong actions. This is what friends are. There are not many of them, but everyone needs them.

An example of an argument: In Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov's novel "A Hero of Our Time" we also see an example of friendship-enmity in relations between Pechorin and Grushnitsky. They are peers, colleagues. In the chapter “Princess Mary”, the characters meet like old friends, but in their hearts they do not have particularly warm feelings for each other, because, on the one hand, each of them has too many of precisely those character traits that are unacceptable to the other, on the other hand , Pechorin, who is good at analyzing situations, sees many of his own negative traits in Grushnitsky and ridicules them. And he, in turn, is too exalted, enthusiastic and verbose. He talks more than he does. Colleagues almost simultaneously saw Princess Mary for the first time, but their behavior towards the girl does not arouse much sympathy from the reader. Grushnitsky - a provincial romantic - was very carried away by the princess, but he is empty, loves beautiful words and gestures, wants life to resemble a sentimental novel. Pechorin, on the other hand, communicates with her out of a desire to have fun, to satisfy his boredom, he cynically plays with Mary, and this amuses him, while he himself plays a double game - he resumes relations with Vera. At the same time, he is interested in observing the development of relations between Grushnitsky and Princess Mary. She is more interested in Pechorin, and the more she becomes interested in him, the more the friends move away from each other and their personal dislike grows. The duel is a logical and foreseen denouement of the relationship between the two heroes by Pechorin. On the day of the duel, Pechorin experiences cold anger. They tried to deceive him, but he cannot forgive this. Grushnitsky, on the contrary, is very nervous and tries with all his might to avert the inevitable. He has been behaving unworthily lately, spreading rumors about Pechorin and trying in every possible way to put him in a black light. Pechorin kills Grushnitsky and leaves without looking back. The death of a former friend does not awaken any emotions in him. Pechorin believed that in friendship one slave of another, but he himself was not going to become a slave, and he did not need a slave either. This is, of course, a misunderstanding of friendship. There can be no slavish relations in friendship: it exists only on trust and mutual understanding. The main thing in friendship is support, sincerity, the desire to help. Pechorin himself did not know how to do this and covered himself with a cynical mask, which is why he did not have real and devoted friends.

What to reread? What to pay attention to? I.A. Goncharov. Oblomov (Oblomov - Stolz: true friendship; Oblomov - Volkov, Alekseev, Tarantiev and other "visitors": friendship. Where is the criterion of true friendship? What connects everyone with Oblomov? What is everyone ready to do for Oblomov? And how does Oblomov react to them?) I.S. Turgenev. Fathers and sons (Arkady and Bazarov: teacher and student, what connects them, and what influenced them to lose interest in communicating with each other? Bazarov - Pavel Petrovich: enmity and misunderstanding, why do they not accept each other? Who is less tolerant? Why?Arkady and father - Nikolai Petrovich - mutual understanding) F.M. Dostoevsky. Crime and punishment (Raskolnikov and Razumikhin are a true friendship that even Raskolnikov's crime did not spoil. Raskolnikov - Marmeladov: can they be called friends, how much does the main character support the Marmeladov family? Raskolnikov-Sonya: how are relations developing? Raskolnikov - Dunya: relationship between brother and sisters)

What to reread? What to pay attention to? L.N. Tolstoy. War and peace Natasha - Countess of Rostov: mutual understanding and friendship of mother and daughter. Natasha - Sonya: female friendship, exchange of secrets, but Sonya knew about Natasha's plans to escape with Kuragin and it was she who told everything, in fact, preventing Natasha from making a mistake. Natasha - Nikolai: the mutual understanding of brother and sister is especially clearly seen in the scenes of hunting, dinner at uncle's and Christmas evening with childhood memories, riding with mummers. Pierre - Andrey: male friendship. Here it is important to follow how these relations develop: first, Bolkonsky instructs Bezukhov, and Pierre listens, considering his friend more experienced; then Pierre chooses his own path, becomes interested in Freemasonry, and in the scene on the ferry he is already talking on an equal footing with Bolkonsky about life; further on, he is already trying to give advice to Andrei, especially when he introduces him to Natasha, although he still considers his friend better and more worthy, and after an unsuccessful escape, Rostova and Kuragin even argue with Andrei about the possibility of forgiving her. Also important is their dispute about enemies and the war on the eve of the Battle of Borodino. They completely trust each other, because Bolkonsky told Natasha to turn to Pierre if there were any problems during his absence. Pierre - Kuragin and Dolokhov at the beginning of the novel: false friendship.

What to reread? What to pay attention to? V.G. Korolenko. In Bad Society Vasya's childhood friendship with Valek and Marusya shows how much children can be more sensitive and responsive than adults. Their friendship took place in a difficult life situation for everyone, so everyone here found something for themselves: Vasya lacked family and communication with his father, he had close people. And it doesn't matter to him that they actually live in a dungeon and get into their stone cellars through a cemetery. This frightens him at first and is strange, he reveals complex truths about the life of homeless thieves and vagrants, but he sincerely pities both children and adults who are in such conditions. And somewhere he even envies the children, because Tyburtsy takes care of them like the best father, which Vasya has not experienced for a long time, because his father has not paid attention to him since the death of his mother and sees only his daughter Sonya. Vasya was able to give the children some joy, basic food, sometimes treats, care and warmth, especially Marusa, even brought a sister's doll to please the dying girl. This friendship even removed the distrust and hostility of adults who find themselves on opposite sides of the social hierarchy. Tyburtsiy was able to trust the son of the judge and even came to intercede for him when his father punished him for the doll and communication with thieves. And the father was able to change his attitude towards his son as a result and even hinted to Tyburtsy that they needed to leave the city

And also from what I read earlier: A. Kuprin. Lilac bush (husband and wife Almazov). Garnet bracelet (wife of Sheina). Duel (Romashov-Nikolaev - colleagues and rivals) L.N. Tolstoy. Prisoner of the Caucasus (Zhilin and Kistylin are friends in misfortune, but how different they are! At the same time, although for the first time Kostylin let Zhilin down that they could not escape, but he himself is actually to blame for the fact that they were captured, nevertheless less than the second time he helps Zhilin get out - he lifts him out of the pit when Dina extended the pole) V. Rasputin. French lessons (Friendship with a teacher, guardianship, care that remains in the memory of a child from childhood) V. Bykov. Sotnikov (fellow soldiers Sotnikov and Rybak, enemies at the same time, since one becomes a traitor) V. Bykov. Alpine ballad (Ivan and Julia: at first misunderstanding, mistrust, even enmity, then friends in misfortune, even in a situation of escaping from a concentration camp, inability to leave a woman, support, care, then love) B. Vasiliev. And the dawns here are quiet (Front-line friendship, mutual assistance, support, readiness for self-sacrifice, pain, loss)

vocabulary work

Etymological dictionary

friendship
A common Slavic word that has correspondences in a number of European languages (Lithuanian draugas - "comrade", Latvian draugs with the same meaning "companion, comrade", Old German tracht - "detachment of warriors"), Anglo. dréogan "to accomplish, achieve"
The original meaning is "fighting together".

Enemy
Loans. from st.-sl. lang., where is the enemy

Dictionary S.I. Ozhegov

FRIENDSHIP - close relationships based on mutual trust, affection, common interests, spiritual closeness

HOSTILITY- attitudes and actions imbued with hostility, hatred (irreconcilable enmity; harbor enmity).

« Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language" by V.I.Dal

FRIENDSHIP
friendship - mutual affection of two or more people, their close connection; in a good sense, disinterested, enduring affection, based on love and respect ... "

HOSTILITY
attitudes and actions imbued with hatred, open hostility; feeling of deep hatred; manifestation of undisguised hatred. “Enmity, hostility, hostility - the state of the warring; dislike, disagreement, malice"

Synonym dictionary

friendship
friendship, friendliness,
goodwill, harmony, peace, consent, familiarity, a short acquaintance,
twinning, (good) friendliness, amikoshonstvo, love, fraternization, unity,
communication; friendship is sincere, hypocritical, canine, close. Do something for friendship. To be in friendship, to make friendship, to break friendship, to reduce friendship.

enmity
antagonism, malice, hostility,
dislike, hatred, hostility, hostility, strife, hostility,
trouble. Have a grudge against someone. Feed enmity.

questions

What is friendship?
Who can be called a true friend?
Why is it so hard to find a friend?
Is it true that without true friendship, the world around us collapses?
Is it true that life is nothing without true friendship?
Is it possible in the modern world, full of temptations and temptations, to sincerely experience true friendship, which is not subject to pretense, lies, self-interest, envy?

What is enmity?
Why does hostility arise?
Why can't people live in peace?
What are the causes of anger, malice, hatred between people?

Do not be afraid enemy smart, be afraid friend stupid!
Vouching for friend, indulge enemy .
Grozen enemy beyond the mountains, but more formidable behind .
Will not of good, if between their enmity .
Friendship lives close to hostility.
Each other the tower puts, and foe to foe the coffin is fine.
God gave relatives and hell enmity .
enemy afraid- alive don't stay .

friendship

enmity

Without friendship, no communication between people has value.

Socrates, ancient Greek philosopher

Enmity with relatives is much more painful than with strangers.

A friend is like a second "I".

Democritus, ancient Greek orator

Cicero Marcus Tullius, ancient Roman philosopher

Life is too short to waste it fighting.

Tell me who your friend is and I'll tell you who you are Cervantes, Spanish writer

Only a true friend can tolerate his friend's weaknesses.

A treacherous friend is the most dangerous enemy. Henry Fielding, English writer

Charlotte Brontë, English writer

W. Shakespeare

If you do not want to make enemies for yourself, then try not to show your superiority over people.

Friendship must be a solid thing, capable of surviving all changes in temperature and all the shocks of that bumpy road along which efficient and decent people make their life journey.

Arthur Schopenhauer, German philosopher

A.I. Herzen

Useful friends three and harmful three. Useful friends are a direct friend, a sincere friend, and a friend who has heard a lot. Harmful friends are a hypocritical friend, an insincere friend, and a talkative friend. Confucius

Friendship is like a treasury: it is impossible to draw more from it than you put into it.

(Osip Mandelstam)

He who is afraid of making enemies will never make true friends.

William Gaslit

friendship

exactingness
Understanding
mutual support
Loyalty
Equality
Honesty
sacred trust
similarity of interests
Sincerity
Friendliness
Empathy
= Selfless devotion

Envy
Betrayal
Flattery
deceitfulness
arrogance
Narcissism
self-interest
Indifference
Greed
Rivalry for honor and glory
unscrupulousness
= Enmity

Real friendship

Pseudo-friendship (anti-friendship)

The oldest image of friendship in Russian literature

Unity was born from spiritual truth, the desire to stand up for their homeland, for faith and people. The heroes, defending their homeland, protecting the weak, supported each other, showing mutual assistance and friendly care, despite the trials that fell to their lot.

mini output by argument

The concept of Cossack partnership, friendship is based on great love for the Motherland, for the Russian people, for the Orthodox faith. Every Cossack knows from childhood that one should not betray, leave one's comrades in trouble. One must strive to help one's brothers and protect them, and therefore retribution for violating the laws of military friendship, no matter how severe it may be, is taken for granted.

V. Bykov "Sotnikov".

"A cowardly friend is more dangerous than an enemy."

L.N. Tolstoy

The fisherman, who once saved Sotnikov, now becomes the executioner for his friend. This is nothing more than a pseudo friendship that shows the true mean nature of the hero.

N.V. Gogol "The Tale of How Ivan Ivanovich Quarreled with Ivan Nikiforovich"

Showing all the pettiness and meanness of the actions and thoughts of Ivan Ivanovich and Ivan Nikiforovich, the author seems to ask a question to us, the readers: “Have the times of great deeds, great friendship gone?! »

"Eugene Onegin" novel in verse by A.S. Pushkin

Is friendship possible among people like Onegin and Lensky, who are not able to show sensitivity towards each other, to understand each other?

It is no coincidence that the author duel these relations, confirming the idea that friendship is spiritual unity, understanding and mutual support. Similar relationships demonstrate an example of pseudo-friendship, which led to the death of a young poet.

"Hero of our time" novel by M.Yu. Lermontov

What is the reason for such a sad outcome?

Is Pechorin really so cruel. On the contrary, he is extremely indifferent to the fate of Grushnitsky.

Therefore, murder becomes the measure of friendship-enmity, which sums up their relationship.

"Dubrovsky" novel by A.S. Pushkin

Why did this friendship turn out to be fragile?

Why is there such a gap between former friends? The wealth and nobility of Troekurov, his arrogance and arrogance did not allow him to stop at the moment of a quarrel and reflect on everything that had happened. Coming to his senses, Troekurov wanted reconciliation, but it was too late. He drove a friend to madness and death.

Reading the novel by A. S. Pushkin, we are once again convinced that friendship and enmity are incompatible.

"Two captains" novel by V. Kaverin

This is a novel about true friendship, love, betrayal and honesty, about achieving your goal, no matter what the cost. "Fight and seek, find and not give up" - this motto became the meaning of the life of the heroes of the novel, determined their character.

"War and Peace" epic novel by L.N. Tolstoy

The relationship between Prince Andrei and Pierre is a model of friendship, demanding, unchanging, carried through all the trials. The friendship between Andrei and Pierre can be considered true, beautiful and immortal, because the soil on which it stood was the most worthy and noble. There was not a drop of self-seeking in this friendship, and neither money nor influence was a guideline for any of them either in their relationships or in the life of each separately.

God help you my friends

In the cares of life, royal service,

And at the feasts of wild friendship,

And in the sweet mysteries of love!

God help you my friends

And in storms, and in worldly grief,

In a foreign land, in a desert sea,

And in the dark abysses of the earth!

Parable about friendship

There was a man in the world, and three gods accompanied him in life: the god of happiness, the god of wealth and the god of friendship. When this man achieved great success in life, the gods visited him and said:

Man, you've reached your goal and two of us are leaving you, but you can keep one of us with you. The man thought for a moment and replied:

Let the god of friendship stay with me, - said the man and went to bed.

The next morning he opened his eyes and saw all three gods next to his bed. The man asked in surprise:

Why did you all stay?

Because you left the god of friendship next to you, and he is our friend. There is nothing more precious than friendship in the world, that's why we stayed, - the gods answered him.